@cindyk ,
I regularly put my instructions in a different location than the assignment itself. My instructions are sometimes multiple pages with of videos -- too much to fit on the assignment page. They need to start it before they it's due. The assignment is a place for the students to turn in the assignment.
I do link to the instructions from the assignment page, although I've toyed with linking to the module that contains the instructions so the students have to get into the course but found that students will go to great lengths to avoid doing anything more than they absolutely have to.
In other words, getting something on the To Do list may be the difference between it getting done and not getting done, no matter how much I tell them that the To Do list is an incomplete list and they need to get into the course and the modules.
Canvas is working on enhancements to assignments, but I don't think I'll use them. It's still tied to the due date and they need to work on it sooner than the due date.
Presumably, any grade the syncs with the SIS would have a timeline that they would want it to sync, otherwise it would never show up and that's bad for people who want to know how students are doing. What you're experiencing is that most systems are not designed for creative grading. I am mulling around something (I'm not sure what to call it) for my fall semester stats where the grade in Canvas is meaningless except for one grade that I will calculate. I would want that grade to go into the other system (we use an early alert system, it doesn't go into our SIS directly), but every time it changes, not just once. Thankfully, I'm the person who wrote the code to transfer the grade over. However, the early alert system does require a due date.
In your case, putting a due date on the collector assignment that must sync with SIS, but then making it "no submission" so they can't actual turn anything in and explaining what's going on may be the best approach, even if it's not ideal.
I have no experience with Mastery Paths, so I cannot help out on that one. I can say that the "test student" within Canvas sometimes doesn't see things exactly like a real student would. I can also add that there is a warning in the lesson from the Canvas Instructor Guide How do I use MasteryPaths in course modules? about SIS integration and due dates. You've probably already seen it, but just in case you haven't:
If your institution uses a student information system (SIS) and requires due dates for assignments, any MasteryPaths assignments assigned to one or more students are currently not validated. Please use with caution when syncing to your SIS.
I'm not sure what you meant by a non-weighted assignment group, but I don't know that it changes the how you handle this. Either all assignment groups are weighted are none are. Some may be weighted 0%, which is a trick I use to exclude those items from the grade calculations.
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