Hi, @erika_hebert
Welcome to the Canvas Community! I can't tell for certain from your screenshot, but it appears that you're using the Old Gradebook, and you won't be able to hide those columns automatically. You can resize them manually so that they don't take up as much horizontal real estate, and the Resize Columns section of https://community.canvaslms.com/docs/DOC-12837-415255008 shows how.
In the New Gradebook, you can apply a filter so that the gradebook only displays published items. The View Gradebook Viewing Options section of How do I use the New Gradebook? shows the available filters.
The New Gradebook is going to become the only gradebook in January 2020. If you don't see the ability to turn it on in your course settings, please reach out to your local Canvas admin for more guidance on how to start using the tool and what to be aware of before you turn it on.
This discussion post is outdated and has been archived. Please use the Community question forums and official documentation for the most current and accurate information.