@lic ,
Are you using Legacy Quizzes or New Quizzes?
In the legacy quizzes, it's above the editor. I just pulled this up while writing this response, so it's still there for me.

I don't have new quizzes enabled to check.
Thankfully, you don't have to get a list from within Canvas itself, it's available in the documentation. I believe that the functions in new quizzes is the same, but have not verified this is.
In the Canvas Instructors Guide, there is a lesson called https://community.canvaslms.com/docs/DOC-26355
At the top of that, in the blue notes section, is a link to the Canvas Formula Quiz Question Helper Functions PDF. It contains a list of all of the functions that are available so that you don't have to access them online.
In particular, Canvas uses the asin, acos, atan notation to get at arcsine, arccosine, and arctangent functions.
I'm not sure how you used asin(), but it should have worked if called with proper arguments. Realize that the result is given in radians, not degrees, but it can be nested inside a rad_to_deg() function to get it in degrees. For example,
rad_to_deg(asin(1/2)) should return 30, while asin(1/2) would return the decimal form of π/6.
The normal restrictions on domain and range apply. asin(x) has a domain of [-1,1] and a range of [-π/2,π/2]. If you try asin(2), you should get an error. I'm not sure which one, but NaN (not a number) seems likely.
Finally, and you probably already know this, but while I'm typing I thought I'd throw it out there. Canvas does not have functions for asec(), acsc(), or acot(). They can be obtained using the reciprocal functions and identities like asec(x) = acos(1/x). That is asec(2) = acos(1/2).
Edited 2020-05-15. Had rad_to_degrees instead of rad_to_deg.
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