@anthony2
I have not verified this, but I was looking around today to see if it was possible to send all of the contents to an editor button to see if I could build a button to replace a Windows AutoHotKey script I have. When I found the following, it reminded me that I had read a similar question this week, so I thought I would share what I found.
Under Editor Button Placement, there was this note
Pro-tip: Use the com.instructure.Editor.contents and/or com.instructure.Editor.selection variable substitutions to include the full RCE contents and/or highlighted selection, respectively, in the launch request.
When you look at the variable substitutions page, for com.instructure.Editor.contents, it looks like it sends the entire contents. Whether it does that in HTML (what I would need) or just plain text is not stated.
That doesn't necessarily replace everything, but if you had it all selected when the button was clicked, as Matthew suggested, it might.