Looking at the resources you have already found in integrating Microsoft Learn, it appears to be a two-stage process:  deploying the LTI to Azure, and configuring the LTI with Canvas.

I can't provide any assistance with the first stage of deploying the LTI, as that would be something you would need to contact Microsoft/Azure support for assistance with, but I did locate this documentation on the process in the Microsoft Learn GitHub repo.

As for the second stage or configuring with Canvas, the GitHub repo provides detailed directions here that you can couple with the values from the deployment of the LTI (stage one) and the How do I manage developer keys for an account? guide.