Hi @ErinBrooks-Wash,
Welcome to the Instructure Community, we're glad to have you here! Unfortunately, the issues you're describing isn't one we're going to be able to fix, because it involves the specific setup of the course you're currently taking...
What I can tell you is that external systems, like ALEKS, can certainly pass grade information back to Canvas to give you a single gradebook experience like you're used to. The school/institution would need to ensure they have ALEKS set up correctly and fully, and then your teacher may need to configure their assignments to pass grades back. We have a few classes at my institution that use ALEKS, so I know that it can work that way if everyone wants it to. It's possible your school/institution or teacher specifically chose not to have grades go back to Canvas for some reason, but we have no way to know that here for sure.
I would suggest talking to your teacher about this, as they are would be the most likely one to be able to make a change to the course. If they say they are unable to do anything, you could then perhaps talk to the Canvas team at your school/institution (usually in the eLearning / IT / Digital Education area).
I hope this helps a bit. Good luck with your studies!
-Chris