Hi @AnthonyRettig,
As @SusanNiemeyer and @Chris_Hofer said, it's not possible to pre-format a text entry window. When I was teaching with Canvas (and didn't really know what I was doing yet) I used to make the table in the instructions and then tell the students to copy it and paste it in their response editor. I had high school students. If using a table, you do need to put something in each row; otherwise the table will collapse when you hit Save.
Chris's suggestion for Student Annotation is a good idea, too. You can upload a PDF, which is much more difficult for students to share, though not impossible because they can still download a copy to their own device. But that's more work than Sharing a Google file, so it might deter enough of them.